espEconomy: strategy and practiceEconomy: strategy and practice1997-99672663-550XИнститут экономики10.51176/1997-9967-2024-3-86-102esp-1396Research ArticleРЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАREGIONAL ECONOMYНеравенство трудовых доходов в регионах Казахстана: тенденции, причины и возможности сокращенияInequality of Labor Income in Kazakhstan’s Regions: Trends, Causes and Opportunities for Reductionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-3783НурлановаН. К.NurlanovaN. K.

д.э.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник

ул. Щевченко 28, Алматы

Nailya K. Nurlanova – Doc. Sc. (Econ.), Professor, Chief Researcher

28 Shevchenko str., Almaty

nurlanova.nailya@ieconom.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-0441ДнишевФ. М.DnishevF. M.

д.э.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник

ул. Щевченко 28, Алматы

Farkhat M. Dnishev – Doc. Sc. (Econ.), Professor, Chief Researcher

28 Shevchenko str., Almaty

dfm0704@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7451-7470АльжановаФ. Г.AlzhanovaF. G.

д.э.н., ассоциированный профессор, главный научный сотрудник

ул. Щевченко 28, Алматы

Farida G. Alzhanova – Doc. Sc. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher

28 Shevchenko str., Almaty

farida.alzhanova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0405-962XСапарбекН. К.SaparbekN. K.

PhD докторант

пр. Аль-Фараби 71, Алматы

Nurgul K. Saparbek – PhD candidate

71 Al-Farabi ave., Almaty

usibalieva@mail.ruИнститут экономики КН МНВО РККазахстанInstitute of Economics CS MSHE RKKazakhstanКазахский национальный университет им. Аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstan20242910202419386102Copyright © Нурланова Н.К., Днишев Ф.М., Альжанова Ф.Г., Сапарбек Н.К., 20242024Нурланова Н.К., Днишев Ф.М., Альжанова Ф.Г., Сапарбек Н.К.Nurlanova N.K., Dnishev F.M., Alzhanova F.G., Saparbek N.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/1396

В современном мире растет неравенство доходов населения, снижается доля трудовых доходов, острыми стали проблемы преодоления нищеты, выравнивания уровня жизни людей. Цель статьи: исследование тенденций регионального и отраслевого неравенства трудовых доходов в Казахстане, выявление противоречий и причин их дифференциации, разработка рекомендаций по сокращению. Гипотеза – предположение, что размеры регионального неравенства трудовых доходов зависят от отраслевой специализации экономики регионов. Задачи: обзор теоретических вопросов неравенства доходов населения, анализ тенденций изменения оплаты труда в регионах Казахстана и их основных отраслях, разработка рекомендаций по сокращению неравенства трудовых доходов. Доказательство/опровержение гипотезы осуществлено путем оценки региональных и отраслевых различий трудовых доходов казахстанцев и выявления их противоречий.  Применялись методы: обобщений и конкретизации, сравнений и аналогов, системный подход, экономикостатистический, сравнительного анализа, метод Парето и индикативный. Информационная база: труды отечественных и зарубежных ученых, данные Бюро национальной статистики Республики Казахстан, региональных статистических служб. Результаты: выявлены существующие в мировой практике методы преодоления неравенства доходов населения; доказано, что несмотря на рост заработной платы, доля трудовых доходов снижается; региональное неравенство оплаты труда в Казахстане в 2022г. составило 2,3 раза. Рекомендовано сокращение регионального неравенства трудовых доходов путем внедрения региональных коэффициентов, смещения налогообложения с доходов от труда на доходы от капитала, имущества.

In the modern world, income inequality is growing, the share of labor income is decreasing, and the problems of overcoming poverty and equalizing people’s living standards have become acute. The article aimed to study trends in regional and sectoral inequality of labor income in Kazakhstan, identify contradictions and causes of their differentiation, and develop recommendations for reduction. The hypothesis: the assumption that the size of regional inequality of labor income depends on the sectoral specialization of the regional economy. Tasks: review theoretical issues of income inequality, analyze wage trends in Kazakhstan’s regions and their primary industries, and develop recommendations to reduce income inequality. The proof/refutation of the hypothesis was carried out by assessing regional and sectoral differences in the labor incomes of Kazakhstanis and identifying their contradictions. The methods are generalization and concretization, comparisons and analogs, systematic approach, economic and statistical, comparative analysis, Pareto, and indicative. Information base: domestic and foreign scientists’ works, data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and regional statistical services. Results: the methods of overcoming income inequality in world practice were identified; it was proved that despite wage growth, the share of labor income is decreasing; regional wage inequality in Kazakhstan in 2022 amounted to 2.3 times. It is recommended that regional inequality of labor income be reduced by introducing regional coefficients and shifting taxation from labor income to income from capital and property.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.