Gender equality is necessary for further economic development of a country and societal welfare in conditions of the modern demands and shifts in the labor market of Kazakhstan. The goal of this research is to reveal the significance of gender issues in the sustainable enhancement of the labor market in Kazakhstan and to suggest the possibilities of applying gender equality in management practices. Regression and correlation analysis were conducted to analyze the relationship of indicators of gender equality with the economic data. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.909, p = 0.000265) was found between the ratio of women’s wages to men’s wages and the proportion of women in economic activity groups, indicating that women’s participation in the labor market is associated with an increase in their wages. The results of the study show that there is specific progress in the labor market of Kazakhstan in relation to gender inequality, but structural barriers remain. To achieve sustainable development, comprehensive measures are needed to ensure wage equality, increase the participation of women in high-paying industries, and create a gender balance in leadership positions. Thus, it is clear that the enhancement of gender equality increases labor productivity, expands personnel stock, and enhances the resilience of the economy. Future research in managing the sustainable development of the labor market in Kazakhstan through gender equality can be aimed at studying the long-term impact of gender initiatives on economic growth and social stability and assessing the effectiveness of specific policies and programs.