espEconomy: strategy and practiceEconomy: strategy and practice1997-99672663-550XИнститут экономики10.51176/1997-9967-2026-1-128-139esp-1843Research ArticleИННОВАЦИИ И ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАINNOVATION AND THE DIGITAL ECONOMYЦифровые финансы и рост производительности сельского хозяйства: сравнительный анализ Китая и КазахстанаDigital Finance and Agricultural Productivity Growth: Comparative Evidence from China and Kazakhstanhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-1544-7529СуньЯ.SunY.

Сунь Я. – PhD докторант,

пр. Аль-Фараби71, Алматы

Yawen Sun – PhD Student

Almaty

sunyawen2024@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-8534БримбетоваН. Ж.BrimbetovaN. Zh.

Бримбетова Н.Ж. – к.э.н., ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Шевченко 28, Алматы

Nursaule Zh. Brimbetova – Сand. Sc. (Econ.), Leading Researcher

Almaty

nbrimbetova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9333-7582ЧулановаЗ. К.ChulanovaZ. K.

Чуланова З.К. – к.э.н., ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Шевченко 28, Алматы

Zaure K. Chulanova – Сand. Sc. (Econ.), Leading Researcher

 

Almaty

chulanova.zaure@ieconom.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6532-1652РахматуллаеваД. Ж.RakhmatullayevaD. Zh.

Рахматуллаева Д.Ж. – PhD, Лундский университет, кафедра социологии права

пр. Аль-Фараби71, Алматы

Dinara Zh. Rakhmatullayeva – PhD, Lund University, Department of Sociology of Law

Almaty

dinara.rakhmatullayeva@kaznu.kzКазахский национальный университет им. Аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanИнститут экономики КН МНВО РККазахстанInstitute of Economics CS MSHE RKKazakhstan202605042026211128139Copyright © Сунь Я., Бримбетова Н.Ж., Чуланова З.К., Рахматуллаева Д.Ж., 20262026Сунь Я., Бримбетова Н.Ж., Чуланова З.К., Рахматуллаева Д.Ж.Sun Y., Brimbetova N.Z., Chulanova Z.K., Rakhmatullayeva D.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/1843

Цифровая трансформация аграрного сектора усиливает роль цифровой инфраструктуры и финансовой инклюзии как факторов роста производительности в сельском хозяйстве в условиях структурной модернизации экономики. Цель исследования — оценить влияние цифровой инфраструктуры на производительность сельского хозяйства и выявить межстрановую гетерогенность эффектов в экономиках с различным уровнем цифровизации и институционального развития. Использована сбалансированная панель за 2011–2023 гг. (26 наблюдений) на основе данных Всемирного банка и Международной организации труда. В объединенной модели цифровая инфраструктура демонстрирует положительную и статистически значимую связь с производительностью (β = 0,7626; p < 0,01), при высоком качестве подгонки (r² = 0,946). Исключение пандемийных лет подтверждает устойчивость эффекта (β = 0,744; p < 0,01; r² = 0,937). Межстрановой анализ выявил гетерогенность: в Китае эффект цифровой инфраструктуры положителен и значим (β = 0,421; p < 0,01), тогда как в Казахстане коэффициент отрицателен и слабо значим на уровне 10% (β = −0,483; p = 0,092), что указывает на различия в институциональной готовности и уровне цифровой зрелости. Полученные результаты подтверждают значимость цифровой инфраструктуры как фактора повышения эффективности аграрного сектора, однако демонстрируют, что институциональная и структурная среда определяет масштаб и направленность этого воздействия. 

The digital transformation of the agricultural sector strengthens the role of digital infrastructure and financial inclusion as factors of productivity growth in agriculture in the context of structural modernization of the economy. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of digital infrastructure on agricultural productivity and to identify the cross—country heterogeneity of effects in economies with different levels of digitalization and institutional development. A balanced panel for 2011-2023 (26 observations) based on data from the World Bank and the International Labour Organisation was used. In the combined model, digital infrastructure demonstrates a positive and statistically significant relationship with performance (β = 0.7626; p < 0.01), with a high quality of fit (r2 = 0.946). The exclusion of pandemic years confirms the stability of the effect (β = 0.744; p < 0.01; r2 = 0.937). The cross-country analysis revealed heterogeneity: in China, the effect of digital infrastructure is positive and significant (β = 0.421; p < 0.01), while in Kazakhstan the coefficient is negative and weakly significant at the level of 10% (β = -0.483; p = 0.092), indicating differences in institutional readiness and the level of digital maturity. The results obtained confirm the importance of digital infrastructure in improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector, but demonstrate that the institutional and structural environment determines the scale and direction of this impact. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.