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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Economy: strategy and practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economy: strategy and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-9967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2663-550X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт экономики</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esp-199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие мирового рынка нефти и предпосылки его трансформации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of the world oil market and prerequisites for its transformation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0884-9944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейменова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleimenova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">suleimenova.arailym@ieconom.kz.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-9637</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панзабекова</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panzabekova</surname><given-names>A. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">panzabekova.aksana@ieconom.kz.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт экономики КН МОН РК</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сулейменова А.Ш., Панзабекова А.Ж., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сулейменова А.Ш., Панзабекова А.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suleimenova A.S., Panzabekova A.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/199">https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/199</self-uri><abstract><p>Соңғы уақытта әлемдік мұнай нарығы жаһандық экономикалық теңгерімсіздікке әкеліп соқтырған маңызды қиындықтарды бастан кешіруде. Бұл теңгерімсіздіктер мұнай бағасының күрт төмендеп, әлемдік мұнай ұсынысы сұраныстан әлдеқайда жоғары болуымен тығыз байланысты. Алайда нарықта бұндай жағдай үнемі болмаған. 2000 жылдардың басында зерттеушілер «мұнайға деген сұраныстың шыңына» жақын арада жететінін болжап, әлемдік мұнай өндірісі жақын арада өзінің шыңына жетеді деп сендірді. Сонымен қатар мұнай бағасының үнемі өсуі жаңа кен орындарын үнемі іздестіруге және байлықты мұнайды импорттаушы елдерден мұнайды экспорттаушы елдерге өтуіне алып келді. Бұндай жағдайлар әлемдік мұнай нарығының дамуына жаңа кезеңді қалыптастырды.Жалпы коммерциялық мұнайды игеру тарихында әлемдік мұнай нарығы көптеген өзгерістерге ұшырады, бұл оның даму кезеңдерін анықтады. Мақаланың басты мақсаты - әлемдік мұнай нарығының дамуын кезең-кезеңмен талдау, сонымен бірге оның сипаттамаларын, ерекшеліктері мен пайда болған трансфомациялық құбылыстарын зерттеу. Мұнайды экспорттаушы елдер мен импорттаушы елдер арасындағы тұрақты геосаяси қақтығыстардық мұнай нарығының институционалды құрылымын айтарлықтай әртараптандыруға және жұмыс істейтін тетіктердің икемділігіне алып келді. Энергияны тұтынудың құрылымдық өзгеруіне әкелген технологиялық прогресс төмен көміртекті энергия көздерін пайдалануға және бүкіл әлемде мұнайды тұтынудың төмендеуіне әкеп жатыр.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recently, the world oil market has been experiencing significant difficulties, which have led to global economic imbalances. These imbalances are closely related to market changes, when oil prices fall sharply, and world oil supply far exceeds world demand. However, this was not always the case. Back in the early 2000s, researchers predicted the achievement of a “peak in oil demand”, arguing that world oil production would soon reach its peak. Moreover, the constant rise in oil prices has led to the constant search for new fields and the transfer of wealth from importing countries to oil exporting countries. Such events formed a new stage in the development of the world oil market.In general, in the entire history of the development of commercial oil, the world oil market has undergone many changes, which determined its stages of development. This was the main purpose of this article - a phased analysis of the development of the world oil market, as well as a study of its characteristics, features and the transformational phenomena that have arisen. The constant geopolitical clashes between exporting countries and oil importing countries lead to significant diversification of the institutional structure of the oil market and the flexibility of functioning mechanisms. And technological progress, which entailed structural changes in energy consumption, is transforming the world towards the use of low-carbon energy sources and a worldwide reduction in oil consumption.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мұнай нарығы</kwd><kwd>картель</kwd><kwd>мұнай өндірісі</kwd><kwd>мұнай тұтынуы</kwd><kwd>мұнай бағасы</kwd><kwd>мұнай нарығы</kwd><kwd>картель</kwd><kwd>мұнай өндірісі</kwd><kwd>мұнай тұтынуы</kwd><kwd>мұнай бағасы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oil market</kwd><kwd>cartel</kwd><kwd>oil production</kwd><kwd>oil consumption</kwd><kwd>oil price</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сергеева З.Х. Ключевые этапы в истории освоения ресурсов углеводородного сырья. 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