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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">esp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Economy: strategy and practice</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economy: strategy and practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-9967</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2663-550X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт экономики</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">esp-205</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перетоки знаний и диффузия инноваций как движущая сила экономического развития на примере трудовой миграции научных работников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Knowledge spillovers and diffusion of innovations as a driving force of economic development on the example of labor migration of researchers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-4681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спанкулова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spankulova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">spankulova@mail.ru.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимбаев</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimbayev</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">azamat@kerimbayev.com.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурулы</surname><given-names>Е. ..</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nuruly</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">yeldar.nuruly@kaznu.kz.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-9014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коргасбеков</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korgasbekov</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dastan1205@mail.ru.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1900-6619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лахбаева</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakhbaeva</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zhansaya.lakhbayeva@gmail.com.</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Университет «Нархоз»; Алматинский технологический университет</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>КазНУ им. аль-Фараби</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Институт экономики КН МОН РК</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Спанкулова Л.С., Керимбаев А.Р., Нурулы Е..., Коргасбеков Д.Р., Лахбаева Ж.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Спанкулова Л.С., Керимбаев А.Р., Нурулы Е..., Коргасбеков Д.Р., Лахбаева Ж.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Spankulova L.S., Kerimbayev A.R., Nuruly E., Korgasbekov D.R., Lakhbaeva Z.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/205">https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/205</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены микро-, макроаспекты трактовки диффузионного характера распространения инноваций, перетоков знаний между регионами на примере трудовой миграции научных работников. Приведен обзор существующей литературы по проблематике исследования, в которой изложены основные идеи и результаты научно-исследовательских работ, преломленные в известные факты. Выделены три исследовательских подхода к изучению перетоков знания: изучение межстрановых торговых потоков, многомерный анализ патентных данных, исследование размещения инновационных компаний по их близости к местам работы высококвалифицированных специалистов. Проанализированы возможные пути усиления конкурентоспособности регионов путем заимствования инноваций. В статье приведены формулировки понятий «диффузия инноваций», «переток знаний», а также иллюстрации выявленных теоретических положений и примеры их практических проявлений. Кроме того, в работе отмечено, что профессиональная мобильность ученых и высококвалифицированных специалистов является наиболее очевидным направлением политики, способствующим перетоку знаний и диффузий инноваций, так как высокий уровень мобильности ученых способствует быстрому распространению результатов исследований. Более того, процесс миграции исследователей связан с трансфером новых технологий, ведь создание новых знаний не является одноразовым событием и не реализовывается в одиночку. Мобильность исследователей стала глобальным явлением и объясняется в основном экономическими факторами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The micro-and macro-aspects of interpretation of the diffusion nature of innovations spread, knowledge spillovers of between regions, on the example of labor migration of researchers are considered. The review of existing literature on the research issues is given, which contains the main ideas and results of research works, refracted into known facts. Three research approaches to studying knowledge spillovers are identified: studying cross-country trade flows, multidimensional analysis of patent data, and research of the placement of innovative companies based on their proximity to work places of highly-skilled specialists. The possible ways to strengthen competitiveness of regions by borrowing innovations are analyzed. The paper contains wording of the concept of “diffusion of innovations”, “knowledge spillovers”, as well as illustrations of the identified theoretical positions and examples of their practical manifestations. In addition, the paper notes that the professional mobility of scientists and highly-skilled specialists are the most obvious policy directions that contribute to knowledge spillovers and diffusion of innovations, since a high level of mobility of scientists contributes to rapid dissemination of research results. Moreover, migration process of researchers is associated with the new technologies transfer, because new knowledge creation is not a one-time event and is not implemented alone. The mobility of researchers has become a global phenomenon and is mainly due to economic factors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инновациялардың диффузиясы</kwd><kwd>білім ағыны</kwd><kwd>экономикалық өсу</kwd><kwd>инновациялардың диффузия механизмдері</kwd><kwd>зиялылардың жылыстауы</kwd><kwd>жоғары білікті қызметкерлердің көші-қоны</kwd><kwd>диффузия инноваций</kwd><kwd>перетоки знаний</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>механизмы диффузии инноваций</kwd><kwd>утечка умов</kwd><kwd>миграция высококвалифицированных работников</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diffusion of innovations</kwd><kwd>knowledge spillovers</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>mechanisms of innovation diffusion</kwd><kwd>brain drain</kwd><kwd>migration of highly-skilled labour</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смит А. 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