espEconomy: strategy and practiceEconomy: strategy and practice1997-99672663-550XИнститут экономики10.51176/1997-9967-2021-3-142-151esp-442Research ArticleСтатьиОценка эффективности перехода Европейского Союза к циркулярной экономике: анализ среды функционированияAssessment of the Effectiveness of the European Union Countries Transition to a Circular Economy: Data Envelopment Analysishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3205-0948ТемербулатоваЖ. С.TemerbulatovaZh. S.

Темербулатова Ж.С. - PhD

пр. аль-Фараби 71, 050040, г. Алматы, Казахстан

Zhansaya S. Temerbulatova - PhD

71 al-Farabi ave., 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan

t.zhansaya.s@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-547XЖидебекқызыА.ZhidebekkyzyA.

Жидебекқызы А. - PhD, ассоциированный профессор

пр. аль-Фараби 71, 050040, г. Алматы, Казахстан

+87760072077

Aknur Zhidebekkyzy - PhD, Associate Professor

71 al-Farabi ave., 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan

8 776 007 2077

aknur.zh@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9627-0221ГрабовскаM.GrabowskaM.

Грабовска М. - PhD

г. Вроцлав, Польша

Monika Grabowska - PhD

Wroclaw, Poland

monika.grabowska@ue.wroc.plКазНУ имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanУниверситет экономики и бизнесаПольшаWroclaw University of Economics and BusinessPoland202114102021163142151Copyright © Темербулатова Ж.С., Жидебекқызы А., Грабовска M., 20212021Темербулатова Ж.С., Жидебекқызы А., Грабовска M.Temerbulatova Z.S., Zhidebekkyzy A., Grabowska M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/442

В нынешнюю эпоху сверхпотребления переход к циркулярной экономике является актуальным вопросом для каждой страны мира. Основной идеей такого экономического подхода является разрыв связи между растущим благосостоянием и чрезмерной эксплуатацией первичных природных ресурсов. В статье проведена оценка текущего и будущего состояния развития циркулярной экономики в 27 странах Европейского союза. Оценка была проведена с использованием метода Анализ среды функционирования (DEA) на основе данных за 2019 год отобранных входных и выходных параметров, описывающих развитие циркулярной экономики. В рамках анализа среды функционирования были оценены CCR и BCC модели. В качестве входных параметров были определены образование муниципальных отходов на душу населения, индекс использования воды, конечное потребление энергии, индекс социального прогресса. А выходными параметрами были доля использования циркулярного материала, уровень переработки муниципальных отходов. Все данные были собраны с официальных достоверных источников, таких как Евростат и веб-сайта Social Progress Imperative. Результаты исследования показали, что по состоянию на 2019 год 40,74% стран Европейского союза обладают высокой эффективностью развития циркулярной экономики, 40,74% - достаточной, 11,11% - средней и 7,41% - низкой эффективностью. Однако, анализ показал очень хорошие перспективы на будущее развитие циркулярной экономики в этих странах, поскольку результаты общей эффективности в CCR модели варьируются от 0,899 до 1 для всех стран Европейского союза. При осуществлении Нового плана действий по циркулярной экономике, который был принят в 2020 году Европейской комиссией, страны Евросоюза имеют возможность полностью перейти на циркулярную экономику и обеспечить здоровое, устойчивое развитие стран.

In the current era of overconsumption, transition to circular economy is a relevant problem for every country in the world. The main idea behind this economic approach is to break the link between rising wealth and overexploitation of primary natural resources. The article assessed the current and future state of the circular economy’s development in 27 countries of the European Union. The assessment was carried out using Data Envelopment Analysis based on data for 2019 of selected input and output parameters described by the circular economy. Generation of municipal waste per capita, Water exploitation index, Final energy consumption and Social Progress Index were used as input parameters. Circular material use rate and municipal waste recycling rate were output parameters. All data was collected from official reliable sources such as Eurostat, and the Social Progress Imperative website. The study results showed that as of 2019, 40,74% of European countries have high efficiency in the advancement of circular economy, 40,74% - sufficient, 11,11% - medium and 7.41% - low efficiency. However, the analysis showed very good prospects for the future progress of the circular economy in these countries, since the overall efficiency results in the CCR model range from 0.899 to 1 for all countries in the European Union. With the implementation of the New Circular Economy Action Plan, which was adopted in 2020 by the European Commission, the EU countries have the opportunity to fully turn to the circular economy and ensure the healthy, sustainable development of countries.

циркулярная экономикаЕвропейский союзанализ среды функционированиямуниципальные отходыпереработкапотреблениеэффективностьcircular economyEuropean UnionData Envelopment Analysismunicipal wasterecyclingconsumptionefficiencyДанное исследование было профинансировано Комитетом по науке Министерства образования и науки Республики Казахстан (грант №. AP09259851)This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP09259851)ReferencesEuropean Commission (2020). Circular Economy Action Plan: for a cleaner and more competitive Europe, 28 p.European Commission (2020). Circular Economy Action Plan: for a cleaner and more competitive Europe, 28 p.Pearce, D., Turner, R.K. (1990). Economics of natural resources and the environment. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Pearce, D., Turner, R.K. (1990). Economics of natural resources and the environment. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.European Commission (2015). Circular Economy Action Plan.European Commission (2015). Circular Economy Action Plan.Mhatre, P., Panchal, R., Singh, A., Bibyan, S. (2021). A systematic literature review on the circular economy initiatives in the European Union. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.09.008Mhatre, P., Panchal, R., Singh, A., Bibyan, S. (2021). A systematic literature review on the circular economy initiatives in the European Union. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.09.008Friant, M.C., Vermeulen, W.J.V., Salomone, R. (2021). Analysing European Union circular economy policies: words versus actions. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27, 337–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.11.001Friant, M.C., Vermeulen, W.J.V., Salomone, R. (2021). Analysing European Union circular economy policies: words versus actions. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 27, 337–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.11.001Hartley, K., van Santen, R., Kirchherr, J. (2020). Policies for transitioning towards a circular economy: Expectations from the European Union (EU). Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 155, 104634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104634Hartley, K., van Santen, R., Kirchherr, J. (2020). Policies for transitioning towards a circular economy: Expectations from the European Union (EU). Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 155, 104634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104634Kirchherr, J., Piscicelli, L., Bour, R., KostenseSmit, E., Muller, J., Huibrechtse-Truijens, A., Hekkert, M. (2018). Barriers to the Circular Economy: Evidence From the European Union (EU). Ecological Economics, 150, pp. 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.04.028Kirchherr, J., Piscicelli, L., Bour, R., KostenseSmit, E., Muller, J., Huibrechtse-Truijens, A., Hekkert, M. (2018). Barriers to the Circular Economy: Evidence From the European Union (EU). Ecological Economics, 150, pp. 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.04.028Momete, D. C. (2020). A unified framework for assessing the readiness of European Union economies to migrate to a circular modelling. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137375Momete, D. C. (2020). A unified framework for assessing the readiness of European Union economies to migrate to a circular modelling. Science of The Total Environment, 718, 137375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137375Marco-Fondevila, M., Llena-Macarulla, F., Callao-Gastón, S., Jarne-Jarne, J.I. (2021). Are circular economy policies actually reaching organizations? Evidence from the largest Spanish companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124858Marco-Fondevila, M., Llena-Macarulla, F., Callao-Gastón, S., Jarne-Jarne, J.I. (2021). Are circular economy policies actually reaching organizations? Evidence from the largest Spanish companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124858Türkeli, S., Kemp, R., Huang ,B., Bleischwitz, R., McDowall, W. (2018). Circular economy scientific knowledge in the European Union and China: A bibliometric, network and survey analysis (2006–2016). Journal of Cleaner Production, 197(1), 1244–1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.118Türkeli, S., Kemp, R., Huang ,B., Bleischwitz, R., McDowall, W. (2018). Circular economy scientific knowledge in the European Union and China: A bibliometric, network and survey analysis (2006–2016). Journal of Cleaner Production, 197(1), 1244–1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.118Domingues Martinho, V.J.P. (2021). Insights into circular economy indicators: EmphasizingDomingues Martinho, V.J.P. (2021). Insights into circular economy indicators: Emphasizing dimensions of sustainability. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 10, 100119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2021.100119dimensions of sustainability. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 10, 100119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2021.100119Singh, S., Trivedi, D., Dasgupta, M.S., Routroy, S. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of circular economy concept in E-waste research during the period 2008–2020. Materialstoday: proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.525Singh, S., Trivedi, D., Dasgupta, M.S., Routroy, S. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of circulareconomy concept in E-waste research during the period 2008–2020. Materialstoday: proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.525Awasthi, A.K., Cucchiella F., D’Adamo, I., Li, J., Rosa, P., Terzi, S., Wei, G., Zeng ,X. (2018). Modelling the correlations of e-waste quantity with economic increase. Science of The Total Environment, 613-614, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.288Awasthi, A.K., Cucchiella F., D’Adamo, I., Li, J., Rosa, P., Terzi, S., Wei, G., Zeng ,X. (2018). Modelling the correlations of e-waste quantity with economic increase. Science of The Total Environment, 613-614, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.288Hadzic, A., Voca, N., Golubic, S. (2018). Life-cycle assessment of solid-waste management in city of Zagreb, Croatia. The Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 20, 1286–1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-017-0693-2Hadzic, A., Voca, N., Golubic, S. (2018). Life-cycle assessment of solid-waste management incity of Zagreb, Croatia. The Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 20, 1286–1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-017-0693-2Martin, M., Wetterlund, E., Hackl, R., Holmgren, K.M., Peck, P. (2017). Assessing the aggregated environmental benefits from by-product and utility synergies in the Swedish biofuel industry. Biofuels, 11(6), 683–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1387752Martin, M., Wetterlund, E., Hackl, R., Holmgren, K.M., Peck, P. (2017). Assessing theaggregated environmental benefits from by-product and utility synergies in the Swedish biofuel industry. Biofuels, 11(6), 683–698. https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1387752Exposito, A., Velasco, F. (2018). Municipal solid-waste recycling market and the European 2020 Horizon Strategy: A regional efficiency analysis in Spain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 938–948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.221Exposito, A., Velasco, F. (2018). Municipal solid-waste recycling market and the European 2020 Horizon Strategy: A regional efficiency analysis in Spain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 938–948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.221Voskamp, I. M., Stremke, S., Spiller, M., Perrotti, D., van der Hoek, J.P., Rijnaarts, H.H.M. (2016). Enhanced performance of the eurostat method for comprehensive assessment of urban metabolism: a material flow analysis of Amsterdam. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21(4), 887–902. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12461Voskamp, I. M., Stremke, S., Spiller, M., Perrotti, D., van der Hoek, J.P., Rijnaarts, H.H.M. (2016). Enhanced performance of the eurostat method for comprehensive assessment of urban metabolism: a material flow analysis of Amsterdam. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21(4), 887–902. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12461Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W., Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W., Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8Banker, R.D., Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale efficiencies in data envelopment analysis. Management Science, 30(9), 1078–1093. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078Banker, R.D., Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W. (1984). Some models for estimating technical and scale efficiencies in data envelopment analysis. Management Science, 30(9), 1078–1093. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078Fan, Y., Fang, C. (2020). Circular economy development in China-current situation, evaluation and policy implications. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 84, 106441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106441Fan, Y., Fang, C. (2020). Circular economy development in China-current situation, evaluation and policy implications. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 84, 106441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106441European Comission. Eurostat database https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/main/data/databaseEuropean Comission. Eurostat database https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/main/data/databaseSocial Progress Imperative website https://www.socialprogress.org/Social Progress Imperative website https://www.socialprogress.org/Social Progress Imperative website https://www.socialprogress.org/

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.