espEconomy: strategy and practiceEconomy: strategy and practice1997-99672663-550XИнститут экономики10.51176/1997-9967-2022-3-156-168esp-804Research ArticleДЕМОГРАФИЯ, ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ И РЫНОК ТРУДАDEMOGRAPHY, HUMAN RESOURCES AND THE LABOR MARKETМоделирование основных процессов функционирования и развития рынка труда: методологические и практические аспектыModeling of Basic Processes of Labor Market Functioning and Development: Methodological and Practical Aspectshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-8349КенжинЖ. Б.KenzhinZh. B.

Кенжин Ж.Б. – PhD, ассоциированный профессор

проспект Мәңгілік ел, бизнес-центр EXPO, блок В., 090009, Нур-Султан

Zhaxat B. Kenzhin – PhD, associate professor

Mangilik el ave., EXPO business center, block В., 010000, Nur-Sultan

jaksat_22@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-4961НурсапинаК. У.NursapinaKh. U.

Нурсапина К.У. – магистр., старший преподаватель

ул. Жангир хана 51, 090009, Уральск

Khanbibi U. Nursapina – Master’s degree, senior lecturer

51 Zhangir Khan str., 090009, Uralsk

khanbibi_n@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8498-258XАбжановаЖ.AbzhanovaZh.

Абжанова Ж. – магистр., старший преподаватель

ул. Айтеке би 29 А, 120700, Кызылорда

Zhaukazyn Abzhanova – Master’s degree, senior lecturer

29A Aiteke Bi str., 120700, Kyzylorda

zhaukazyn.78@mail.ruБулакбайЖ. М.BulakbayZh. M.

Булакбай Ж.М. – к.э.н., доцент

ул. Кажымукана 11, 010000, Нур-Султан

Zhanat M. Bulakbay – Candidate of economic Sciences, Associate Professor

11 Kazhymukan str., 010000, Nur-Sultan

Bulakbay_zhannat@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4684-0836КуангалиеваТ. К.KuangaliyevaT. K.

Куангалиева Т.К. – к.э.н., доцент

проспект Мәңгілік ел, бизнес-центр EXPO, блок C.1, 090009, Нур-Султан

Tursynzada K. Kuangaliyeva – c.e.s., Associate Professor

Mangilik el avenue, EXPO business center, block C.1, 010000, Nur-Sultan

kuantu_80p@mail.ruАкадемия физической культуры и массового спортаКазахстанAcademy of Physical Education and Mass SportKazakhstanЗападно-Казахстанский аграрно-технический университет им. Жангир ханаКазахстанWest Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University named after Zhangir KhanKazakhstanКызылординский университет имени Коркыт АтаКазахстанKorkyt Ata Kyzylorda UniversityKazakhstanЕвразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. ГумилеваКазахстанL.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityKazakhstanAstana IT UniversityКазахстанAstana IT UniversityKazakhstan202228092022173156168Copyright © Кенжин Ж.Б., Нурсапина К.У., Абжанова Ж., Булакбай Ж.М., Куангалиева Т.К., 20222022Кенжин Ж.Б., Нурсапина К.У., Абжанова Ж., Булакбай Ж.М., Куангалиева Т.К.Kenzhin Z.B., Nursapina K.U., Abzhanova Z., Bulakbay Z.M., Kuangaliyeva T.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://esp.ieconom.kz/jour/article/view/804

Развитие цифровой экономики вызывает кардинальные социально-экономические сдвиги, в том числе и в сфере трудовых отношений. Поэтому исследование основных процессов функционирования и развития рынка труда является актуальной задачей. Методы исследования: обобщение, сравнение, анализ и синтез, индукция и дедукция, структурно-логический анализ, монографический метод, методы статистического моделирования, методы машинного обучения, нейросетевое моделирование, нечеткая логика. Цель статьи разработать методологический подход к исследованию основных процессов функционирования и развития рынка труда в условиях цифровизации и провести его практическую апробацию на примере Казахстана. Гипотеза исследования – цифровизация экономики активизирует структурные сдвиги на рынке труда, что способно вызвать дисбалансы, которые могут быть устранены благодаря развитию человеческого потенциала, поддерживаемого целевым финансированием. В процессе исследования установлено, что для диагностики рынка труда в условиях цифровизации недостаточно существующих в этой области методов и инструментов. В статье предложена авторская методология анализа, основу которой составляют два комплексных параметра: гибкость и социальная защита. Также с использованием инструментария нечеткой логики разработан подход к оценке уровня социальной обеспеченности и защищенности населения. Использование предложенных в статье подходов позволит определить особенности развития трудовых ресурсов и происходящих преобразований в структуре занятости под влиянием современных технологий, а также даст возможность обосновать меры государственного регулирования и поддержки, адекватные вызовам современности.

The development of the digital economy causes cardinal socio-economic shifts, including those in the field of labor relations. Therefore, the study of basic processes of functioning and development of the labor market is an urgent task. Research methods: generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, structural-logical analysis, monographic method, statistical modeling methods, machine learning methods, neural network modeling, fuzzy logic. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach to the study of basic processes of functioning and development of the labor market under the conditions of digitalization. The hypothesis of the study – the digitalization of the economy activates structural shifts in the labor market, which can cause imbalances that can be eliminated through the development of human potential. In the course of the study, it was found that the existing methods and tools in this area are not sufficient for diagnosing the labor market under the conditions of digitalization. The article proposes the author’s methodology of analysis, based on two complex parameters: flexibility and social protection. Also, using the tools of fuzzy logic, an approach to assessing the level of social security and protection of the population was developed. The use of the approaches proposed in the article will make it possible to determine the specifics of the development of labor resources and the ongoing transformations in the structure of employment under the influence of modern technology and will also make it possible to substantiate measures of state regulation and support adequate to the challenges of our time.

цифровые технологиирынок трудазанятостьсоциальная защитарегулированиебезработицакомпетенцияDigital TechnologiesLabor MarketEmploymentSocial ProtectionRegulationUnemploymentCompetenceReferencesAbrosimova, I.A. (2019). The future of the labor market in the context of the digitalization of the economy. Economics and Entrepreneurship, (9), 270-274.Abrosimova, I.A. (2019). The future of the labor market in the context of the digitalization of the economy. Jekonomika i predprinimatel’stvo [Economics and Entrepreneurship], (9), 270-274. (In Russ.)Beauty, T. G., Govako, A. V., & Golik, A. S. (2019). The impact of digitalization of the economy on changing the structure of the labor market in modern conditions. Financial Economics, (1), 487-488.Beauty, T.G., Govako, A.V., & Golik, A.S. (2019). The impact of digitalization of the economy on changing the structure of the labor market in modern conditions. Financial Economics, (1), 487-488.Dubrovskaya, J. V., & Kozonogova, E. V. (2021). The impact of digitalization on the demand for labor in the context of working specialties: Spatial analysis. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Economy, 37(3), 395-412. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2021.302Dubrovskaya, J.V., & Kozonogova, E.V. (2021). The impact of digitalization on the demand for labor in the context of working specialties: Spatial analysis. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Jekonomika [Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Economy], 37(3), 395-412. (In Russ.)Krasota, T.G., & Chernetskaya, Z.S. (2019). Digitization of the economy as a factor in changing the structure of the labor market at the present stage of economic formations. Economics and Entrepreneurship, (1), 75-77.Krasota, T.G., Govako, A.V., & Golik, A.S. (2019). The impact of digitalization of the economy on changing the structure of the labor market in modern conditions. Finansovaja jekonomika [Financial Economics], (1), 487-488. (In Russ.)Konina, N. (2021). Conclusion: The fourth industrial revolution—Further research agenda. In Digital Strategies in a Global Market (pp. 257-271). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58267-8_19Konina, N. (2021). Conclusion: The fourth industrial revolution—Further research agenda. In Digital Strategies in a Global Market (pp. 257-271). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58267-8_19Li, Z., Hong, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2021). The empowering and competition effects of the platformbased sharing economy on the supply and demand sides of the labor market. Journal of Management Information Systems, 38(1), 140-165. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2021.1870387Li, Z., Hong, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2021). The empowering and competition effects of the platformbased sharing economy on the supply and demand sides of the labor market. Journal of Management Information Systems, 38(1), 140-165. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2021.1870387Paletta, F.C., & da Silva, A.M. (2018, July). Knowledge Organization in the digital age: the complexity of the global labor market. In Challenges and Opportunities for Knowledge Organization in the Digital Age (pp. 839-847). Ergon-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783956504211-839Paletta, F. C., & da Silva, A. M. (2018, July). Knowledge Organization in the digital age: the complexity of the global labor market. In Challenges and Opportunities for Knowledge Organization in the Digital Age (pp. 839-847). Ergon-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.5771/9783956504211-839Pandit, A. (2021). Mathematical Modeling using Fuzzy Logic: Applications to Sustainability. CRC Press.Pandit, A. (2021). Mathematical Modeling using Fuzzy Logic: Applications to Sustainability. CRC Press.Shapiro, A.F., & Mandelman, F.S. (2021). Digital adoption, automation, and labor markets in developing countries. Journal of Development Economics, 151, 102656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102656Shapiro, A. F., & Mandelman, F. S. (2021). Digital adoption, automation, and labor markets in developing countries. Journal of Development Economics, 151, 102656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102656Santos, É., & Halkias, D. (2021). Diffusion of innovations and labor market challenges: a multiple case study from Angola. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-12-2020-0198Santos, É., & Halkias, D. (2021). Diffusion of innovations and labor market challenges: a multiple case study from Angola. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-12-2020-0198Tsatsulin, A.N. (2020). Digitalization of the population as a determinant of the virtual and real labor market in a pandemic. Economic revival of Russia, 3(65), 46-69.Tsatsulin, A. N. (2020). Digitalization of the population as a determinant of the virtual and real labor market in a pandemic. Vestnik Nacional’noj akademii turizma [Economic revival of Russia], 3(65), 46-69. (In Russ.)What the Future of Work Will Mean for Jobs, Skills, and Wages: Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained. McKinsey. (2017) [updated November 28, 2017; cited Febriary 02, 2022]. 2/2/2022]. Available: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobslost-jobs-gained-what-the-future-of-work-will-meanfor-jobs-skills-and-wagesWhat the Future of Work Will Mean for Jobs, Skills, and Wages: Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained. McKinsey. (2017) [updated November 28, 2017; cited Febriary 02, 2022]. 2/2/2022]. Available: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobs-lost-jobsgained-what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobsskills-and-wagesYashiro N., Kyyrä, T., Hwang, H. & Tuamola, J. (2021) Technology, labour market institutions and early retirement: evidence from Finland. OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1659.Yashiro N., Kyyrä, T., Hwang, H. & Tuamola, J. (2021) Technology, labour market institutions and early retirement: evidence from Finland. OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1659.Zarmaev, A.A., & Bolotkhanov, E.B. (2020). The impact of the economy digitalization on the transformation of the labor market in the world. FGU Science, 4, 97-102.Zarmaev, A. A., & Bolotkhanov, E. B. (2020). The impact of the economy digitalization on the transformation of the labor market in the world. FGU Science, (4), 97-102. (In Russ.)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.