Социальные последствия роста казахстанских мегаполисов и рекомендации по их преодолению

Целью статьи является исследование изменений условий жизни в мегаполисах Казахстана по мере их роста, выявление негативных социальных последствий и разработка рекомендаций по их преодолению. Использованы методы ретроспективного анализа, логического и сравнительного анализа, обобщений, методы описательной статистики, индексный, графический, методы оценки благоустройства жилого фонда мегаполисов, демографической емкости города. Осуществлен анализ изменений условий жизни в мегаполисах Казахстана по мере их роста. Выявлены социальные последствия роста мегаполисов: снижение уровня жизни жителей южной столицы; увеличение спроса на жилье и его более высокая стоимость; снижение уровня благоустроенности г. Алматы; плохие экологические условия, рост загрязнения атмосферы в условиях высокой плотности населения; более высокий уровень смертности городского населения по сравнению с сельским в период пандемии; рост деструктивного поведения молодежи. Разработаны предложения по преодолению негативных социальных последствий неуправляемой урбанизации. Обоснована необходимость разработки стратегии развития казахстанских городов. Рекомендованы меры: по решению проблемы доступного жилья для молодых семей, специалистов, сирот; по созданию рабочих мест, модернизации транспортной, коммунальной и социальной инфраструктуры, по воспитанию патриотизма и социальной ответственности.

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