Мотивация в управлении проектами: систематический обзор литературы

Мотивация играет решающую роль в управлении проектами, поскольку она влияет на производительность команды, успех проекта и организационные результаты. Цель обзора: изучить влияние мотивации на эффективность проекта, определить основные факторы, влияющие на мотивацию в управлении проектами и виды мотивации команды проекта, а также методы по управлению мотивацией в проектной деятельности. Обзор охватил 44 статей, опубликованных в период с января 2019 по февраль 2023 года в базе данных Scopus, Web of Science и Google Scholar. Статьи были отобраны на основе их соответствия теме и проанализированы посредством заранее определенного набора критериев. Полученные результаты показывают, что мотивация в управлении проектами – это сложный и многогранный процесс, который включает в себя различные уровни анализа, включая индивидуальные, командные и организационные факторы. Менеджеры проектов должны сосредоточиться на создании мотивирующей среды для членов команды, чтобы повысить успех проекта. Более того, внутренняя мотивация является лучшим предиктором выполнения задачи, чем внешняя мотивация. Проведенный систематический обзор способствует пониманию мотивации в управлении проектами и обеспечивает основу для дальнейших исследований по данной теме. Результаты этого обзора имеют важные последствия для руководителей проектов, которые могут использовать эти знания для мотивации членов команды и для повышения успешности реализуемого проекта. Более того, необходимы дополнительные исследования о мотивации с учетом особенностей традиционных и гибких проектных команд.

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