Креативная новая индустриализация и экономическое развитие моногородов Дальнего Востока России

Развитие креативных индустрий рассматривается как одно из направлений структурной трансформации ресурсозависимых и монопрофильных городов, экономическое развитие которых ограничено сложившейся отраслевой специализацией и пространственной удалённостью. Цель исследования – выявить пространственные закономерности новой креативной индустриализации и изучить экономические факторы, влияющие на развитие креативных индустрий в ресурсоориентированных и моногородах, а также в отдельных региональных центрах Дальнего Востока России. Применены методы пространственной панельной эконометрики, глобальный и локальный индексы Морана, тесты множителей Лагранжа, модели SAR, SEM, SDM и GSPRE. Исходные данные сформированы на основе финансовой отчётности предприятий информационноаналитической системы СПАРК за 2013–2022 гг. Выборка включает 26 населённых пунктов (17 моногородов и 9 административных центров), или 260 годовых наблюдений. Модель SDM_fe1 (AIC = 913,0; BIC = 934,4) выявила положительные прямые эффекты динамики ИКТ (0.020) и концентрации основных средств креативных индустрий (1.131). Концентрация заработной платы характеризуется статистически незначимым прямым эффектом (0.215) и значимым отрицательным пространственным эффектом (−2.933). Результаты свидетельствуют о том, что деловой климат в моногородах, позволяющий предприятиям потенциально занижать заработную плату, используя свой статус малых и микропредприятий, становится негативным фактором пространственного развития, проявляясь в снижении темпов роста креативных индустрий в близлежащих моногородах.

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