The purpose of this study is to analyze the existing institutional environment for the formation of the Economic belt of the «Silk Road». The paper considers the main factors of development, participants and the legal and cultural and historical basis of the economic belt. For this, methods of analysis and synthesis, from abstract to concrete, generalization, idealization, historical and logical, were applied. The main strategic directions of the development of the belt, the goals and interests of the participants were revealed, and options for effective cooperation for the development of the belt were proposed. The main directions of Kazakhstan-China cooperation have been identified.

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the relations between economic growth, living standards of the population and the impact on the environment in the EAEU countries. The data of the Eurasian economic Commission, as well as the data of the state statistics of the EAEU countries were used as an information base of the study. The article substantiates the position that economic growth can lead not only to an increase in the standard of living, but also to its relative reduction and increase in the load on the environment. According to the analysis results, all the EAEU countries are divided into three groups, characterized by the ratio of the economic growth dynamics, living standards, environmental impact and the amount of research funding in the environmental sphere. This has allowed some governments to be encouraged to increase the innovative activity of the industrial sector.

The purpose of the paper is to consider the concept of the “triple helix of innovations”, to study the preconditions of it’s formation and to identify the conditions for the implementation of the “triple helix of innovations” model into the innovative practice of Kazakhstan.The research methodology in the paper is based on ideas about the evolution of innovation and innovation systems, the multiple nature of models of innovation systems based on the specifics of the institutional environment.It is shown that the development of innovative systems in the world is based on strong horizontal interactions between science, business and government which have an equal partnership among them as a “triple helix”. However, the key conditions and assumptions of the “triple helix” model do not work in Kazakhstan and the existing relationship between science, business and government does not allow to rely on establishing the principles of “a triple helix” of innovations in the national scale.It is proposed to develop local innovation systems in Kazakhstan according to the “triple helix” model. The preconditions for the formation of local “triple helix” model on the basis of research universities and technoparks are observed, and the conditions for their development are formulated.

The article is devoted to a review of theoretical and empirical studies on the relationship between regional growth and innovation activity.The purpose of the review is to classify approaches to analyzing the relationship between knowledge flows and regional growth, stimulated by the diffusion of innovations.Result. The study confirms the basic premise that innovation activity, recorded in calculations through R & D costs, costs of technological innovation and knowledge transfers, are endogenous factors that can explain differences in economic growth.Conclusions are made about the ability to transfer knowledge to reduce inequality in innovation activity among innovative leaders and lagging behind in innovations. There is a connection between geographical proximity and the ability of both explicit and implicit knowledge to spread. The ability to absorb knowledge from exchange participants is damped inversely with the distance between participants, the efficiency of the flow of knowledge depends on the absorptive capacity of the regions.

The article considers intellectual potential at the level of regions and the country.The authors give an assessment of the general condition and highlight the characteristic trends of professional development.The article also notes significant trends in the development of the modern world economy, which determine the professional appearance of specialists in the present and near future.It is noted that the development of the intellectual potential of the population is significantly influenced by the processes of improving the skills, experience, attainmentsof people who are intangible intellectual values and can change over time and the development of technology.

The article proves the prerequisites for the formation of a knowledge-based economy. The theoretical aspects of the territorial location of science-intensive spheres are revealed. A spatial approach to localization is promising, since it covers all aspects of the regions’ economy modernization.In this regard, the necessity of forming a regional policy of a new quality is substantiated.

One of the directions of development that can improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the functioning of Kazakhstan’s oil and gas industry is restructuring. Due to the restructuring, the share of the downstream in the overall structure of industrial production and salable production with a high share of value added can be significantly increased.Such direction of development will result in balance in use of hydrocarbonic resources that will allow to define specific needs for initial raw materials of oil and petrochemical complexes, volumes of export deliveries. The solution of the problem of balance of volumes of production, export and the processing of hydrocarbonic raw materials considering its qualitative parameters will play the positive role in change of structure of industrial production towards increase in a share of the downstream.

World practice shows that the number of the most widespread knowledge-intensive territorial entities (KITE) includes: clusters, technopolis, technology parks, innovative business incubators of technological orientation.It is revealed that the formation of KITE is a long, complex, contradictory and not always successful process. This is evidenced by world and national experience. The organizational and legal status of the KITE, its research and production and organizational structure, as well as the initiator and source of funding for KITE (state or private organizations) have an impact on the specific content of institutional management methods for this process.It is established that for the steadily developing regions, which have received the name “locomotives of growth”, the most effective is the use of the American and Chinese models of the technopark. In the American model, the main goal is to grow startups in highly technological sectors of the economy, and in China - to attract foreign investment and stimulate the development of high- tech industries.For regions rich in natural resources and depressive regions, the most suitable is the Japanese model of the technopark, the main objective of which is to increase industrial potential and equalize the level of economic development of the territories. It is characterized by direct state funding and management of the activities of the technopark.

The article deals with the creation of logistics systems for the distribution of bakery enterprises in Kazakhstan. The authors created a system of algorithms for determining specific measures to create an effective logistics system, taking into account industry specifications of bakery products. The stages of the algorithm were studied and analyzed, and the implementation process was considered.

In this article, the main factors affecting the competitiveness of national personnel are reviewed and systematized. Particular attention is paid to the qualitative parameters of competitiveness of young specialists. The main problems affecting the improvement of the quality of personnel training are revealed.

The article considers the prerequisites, conditions and trends of development of self-employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Increasing the social and business activity of citizens in the private sector, the responsibility of each able-bodied for self-sufficiency has a special significance on the market. And therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify trends in the development of self-employment in the Kazakhstan labor market as an obligatory objectively inherent element of market relations and to analyze its state. An assessment of the potential for self-employment in world practice was made and a statistical analysis of the state of the domestic labor market was made. As well as analyzing the effectiveness of the adopted state programs in the field of employment, the main areas of activity have been identified.

This article is devoted to the issues of diversification in general, and diversification of the tourism industry, in particular. As there is a rapid development of tourism and an increase in the number of tourists, it is necessary to diversify this area. Diversification enables companies to maintain stability under difficult economic conditions by issuing a wide range of products and services, while losses from unprofitable products can be blocked by profit from the sale of other types of goods and services.The process of diversification is connected, first of all, with the transition not only to new technologies, but also to such markets and industries with which the companies previously had no relations; In addition, the products or services produced, thanks to new financial investments, must also be new and, preferably, unique.The article also focuses on the diversification of the tourist product. In addition, issues related to the development of the key direction of the digital transformation of the tourism industry are touched upon.

The article discusses some trends in the development of tourism in the digital economy. The tourism industry is considered to be one of the most profitable sectors of the economy in the world and its impact on the economy is increasing every year. In recent years, the development of tourism business is greatly influenced by Internet technology and increasingly in the world wide web you can find a variety of sites (Web pages) devoted to the development of the tourism industry, travel agencies, agencies, as well as sanatoriums, boarding houses, hotels.The purpose of the article is to consider the advantages of digital information technologies in the development of tourism and to determine the prospects for its development. The article discusses the advantages of information technologies in the promotion of digital tourism. The development of digital tourism is due to the fact that today the world community can not be imagined without a variety of portable technology.As a result, the introduction of the global Internet in all spheres of human activity allowed to develop e-Commerce, which is firmly entered into the tourism industry. At the present stage, tourist sites occupy a significant volume in the total number of Internet sites that have appeared. E-tourism is a very relevant topic for today’s globalized society. However, today there is not enough research that would reveal the advantages of the Internet influence on the tourism industry in Kazakhstan and in the world as a whole. The article defines the role of the Internet and new technologies in the development of a new type of digital tourism organization. It is concluded that digitalization in the field of tourism within the digital economy only at the behest of the time.

The article analyzes the achievements and development of Estonia thanks to the E-Estonia program launched in 1997. Also, the main problems of e-government of Kazakhstan - e-government, which, in principle, uses the experience of Estonia, are discussed. Considering that Estonia was also part of the Soviet Union, for Kazakhstan their experience is doubly interesting.The article also discusses the shortcomings and problems of the e-government of Kazakhstan - e-gov.kz and gives suggestions and recommendations for improving this system.