Декарбонизация экономики Казахстана: перспективы энергетического перехода

Нарастающая значимость углеродного следа продукции в международной конкуренции активизируют поиск новых подходов к декарбонизации стран с переходной экономикой. В статье обобщаются достигнутые Казахстаном результаты по преодолению трудностей реализации «зелёного» подхода и поиску эффективных путей декарбонизации экономики. Методологическая основа исследования базируется на системном подходе к оценке устойчивости развития Казахстана и обобщению мирового опыта перехода к низкоуглеродной экономике. Авторы концентрируют внимание на актуальных проблемах промышленности в контексте создания экономики замкнутого цикла, основанной на возобновляемых ресурсах. Показано влияние трансформации энергетической системы на экономику страны. Обосновано, что снижение цен на сырьевые товары на мировых рынках и зависимость экономики от энергетики отрицательно влияют как на топливно-энергетический комплекс, так и смежные отрасли. Установлено, что одним из эффективных способов укрепления позиций Казахстана в международных производственно-сбытовых цепочках является реализация проактивной стратегии по декарбонизации промышленности с учетом национальных интересов. Учитывая, что страна продолжает демонстрировать относительно высокие уровни энергоемкости в общемировом масштабе, прогресс добывающих отраслей требует государственного содействия и активизации государственно-частного партнерства.

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